Karamö, le prof virtuelLeçon 8 sur 20
Reported speech (le discours indirect)
Je sais rapporter les paroles de quelqu'un au discours indirect, en changeant correctement les pronoms, les temps et les expressions de temps.
- 50 min
- 5 exercices corrigés
- 1 schéma
- QCM de 5 questions
À la fin de la leçon, tu sauras :
- Passer du discours direct au discours indirect avec say et tell
- Appliquer la concordance des temps quand le verbe introducteur est au passé
- Rapporter une question et un ordre
- Transformer les pronoms, les possessifs et les indicateurs de temps et de lieu
Avant de commencer : Les temps étudiés dans les leçons 1 à 4 (présents, passés, present perfect, futur) et le discours indirect en français.
1Je découvre
Fatoumata n'était pas en classe hier. Le soir, elle appelle son amie Mariama pour savoir ce qu'a dit le professeur d'anglais. Le professeur avait dit en classe :
« The test will be on Monday. You must revise lessons 1 to 5. »
Mariama ne répète pas les mots exacts du professeur. Elle rapporte ses paroles :
« The teacher said that the test would be on Monday. He told us that we had to revise lessons 1 to 5. »
Plusieurs choses ont changé : will est devenu would, must est devenu had to, you est devenu we / us. C'est normal : Mariama parle à un autre moment et d'un autre point de vue.
En français aussi : « Le test sera lundi » devient « Il a dit que le test serait lundi ». Au BEPC, la transformation du discours direct en discours indirect (Put into reported speech) est un exercice classique.
Comment rapporter les paroles, les questions et les ordres de quelqu'un en anglais, et que faut-il changer dans la phrase ?
2Je comprends
1. Discours direct et discours indirect
- Discours direct : on cite les mots exacts, entre guillemets. Sékou said, "I am hungry."
- Discours indirect (reported speech) : on rapporte les paroles sans guillemets, dans une subordonnée. Sékou said (that) he was hungry.
Le mot that est facultatif : He said he was hungry est correct.
2. Say ou tell ?
| Verbe | Construction | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| say | say (that) + phrase ; say to + personne | She said (that) she was tired. |
| tell | tell + personne + (that) + phrase | *She told me (that) she was tired.* |
Tell est toujours suivi de la personne à qui l'on parle : ~~She told that…~~. Say ne l'est jamais directement : ~~She said me…~~.
Passé : say → said ; tell → told.
3. Changer les pronoms et les possessifs
On adapte les pronoms à la personne qui rapporte :
Alpha said, "I love my village." → *Alpha said that he loved his village.*
Hawa told me, "You are my best friend." → *Hawa told me that I was her best friend.*
4. La concordance des temps
Quand le verbe introducteur est au présent (says, tells), les temps ne changent pas : Fanta says, "I am ready." → Fanta says that she is ready.
Quand il est au passé (said, told), le verbe rapporté recule d'un temps dans le passé :
| Discours direct | Discours indirect |
|---|---|
| present simple : *"I live in Kindia."* | simple past : *He said he lived in Kindia.* |
| present continuous : *"I am working."* | past continuous : *He said he was working.* |
| simple past : *"I saw him."* | past perfect : *He said he had seen him.* |
| present perfect : *"I have finished."* | past perfect : *He said he had finished.* |
| will : *"I will come."* | would : *He said he would come.* |
| can : *"I can swim."* | could : *He said he could swim.* |
| may : *"I may be late."* | might : *He said he might be late.* |
| must : *"I must go."* | had to : *He said he had to go.* |
Le past perfect se forme avec had + participe passé : had seen, had finished. Les modaux would, could, should, might ne changent pas.
Remarque : une vérité générale peut rester au présent : The teacher said that the Earth turns around the Sun.
- 1Je choisis le verbe introducteur : said (that) ou told + personne (that).
- 2J'enlève les guillemets et je change les pronoms et les possessifs (I → he/she, my → his/her).
- 3Si le verbe introducteur est au passé, je recule chaque temps (present → past, will → would, can → could…).
- 4Je change les expressions de temps et de lieu (now → then, today → that day, here → there).
- 5Je relis : la phrase doit avoir l'ordre sujet + verbe, sans point d'interrogation pour une question.
5. Changer les expressions de temps et de lieu
| Discours direct | Discours indirect |
|---|---|
| now | then, at that moment |
| today | that day |
| tonight | that night |
| yesterday | the day before, the previous day |
| tomorrow | the next day, the following day |
| last week | the week before |
| next week | the following week |
| ago | before |
| here | there |
| this / these | that / those |
6. Rapporter une question
On utilise ask (ou want to know, wonder). Dans la question rapportée, l'ordre est celui d'une affirmation (sujet + verbe), sans do/does/did et sans point d'interrogation.
- Question avec un mot interrogatif (where, what, when, why, how…) : on garde ce mot.
"Where do you live?" → She asked me where I lived.
- Question fermée (réponse yes/no) : on utilise if ou whether.
"Are you tired?" → He asked me if I was tired.
7. Rapporter un ordre ou une demande
On utilise tell (ordre) ou ask (demande polie) + personne + to + base verbale ; à la négation, not to.
"Close the door!" → The teacher told me to close the door.
"Please, help me." → Kadiatou asked me to help her.
"Don't run!" → My mother told us not to run.
Méthode
Pour rapporter une phrase au passé :
- Je repère le type : affirmation (said/told), question (asked + wh-word ou if), ordre (told/asked + to).
- Je change les pronoms et les possessifs selon qui parle et à qui.
- Je recule les temps : present → past, past et present perfect → past perfect, will → would, can → could, must → had to.
- Je change les indicateurs de temps et de lieu (tomorrow → the next day, here → there).
- Pour une question, je remets l'ordre sujet + verbe et je supprime do/does/did et le point d'interrogation.
Exemple
Put into reported speech: Ibrahima said, "I am going to Kankan tomorrow."
Pronom : I → he.
Temps : am going (present continuous) → was going.
Temps : tomorrow → the next day.
Answer: Ibrahima said (that) he was going to Kankan the next day.
Exemple
Put into reported speech: The nurse asked Hawa, "Did you take your medicine yesterday?"
C'est une question fermée → if.
Pronoms : you → she ; your → her.
Temps : did you take (simple past) → she had taken (past perfect), sans did.
yesterday → the day before.
Answer: The nurse asked Hawa if she had taken her medicine the day before.
Exemple
Put into reported speech: The teacher said to the pupils, "Don't make noise!"
C'est un ordre négatif → told + personne + not to + base.
Answer: The teacher told the pupils not to make noise.
3Je retiens
Je retiens
say (that) + phrase ; tell + personne + (that) + phrase.
Avec un verbe introducteur au passé, les temps reculent : present → past ; past et present perfect → past perfect (had + participe) ; will → would ; can → could ; may → might ; must → had to.
Pronoms et possessifs changent ; now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, yesterday → the day before, here → there.
Question : asked + wh-word ou if + sujet + verbe (sans do/did, sans « ? »).
Ordre : told/asked + personne + (not) to + base.
4Erreurs fréquentes
- Confondre say et tell : « He told me that… » ou « He said that… », mais jamais « He said me » ni « He told that ».
- Garder l'ordre de la question : « She asked where I lived », pas « She asked where did I live ».
- Oublier de reculer les temps : « He said he was tired », pas « He said he is tired » (sauf vérité générale).
- Oublier de changer tomorrow, here ou les pronoms : « She said she would come the next day », pas « She said I will come tomorrow ».
5Je m’exerce
1Exercice 1
Complete with said or told.
a) Mamadou ... me that he was sick.
b) She ... that the shop was closed.
c) The teacher ... us to be quiet.
d) They ... to me that they were ready.
Voir le corrigéCacher le corrigé
a) Mamadou told me that he was sick.
b) She said that the shop was closed.
c) The teacher told us to be quiet.
d) They said to me that they were ready.
2Exercice 2
Put these statements into reported speech.
a) Aïssatou said, "I like mangoes."
b) Lansana said, "I am reading a novel."
c) My father said, "I will buy a new radio."
d) Fanta said, "I can't come today."
e) Sékou said, "I have lost my key."
Voir le corrigéCacher le corrigé
a) Aïssatou said (that) she liked mangoes.
b) Lansana said (that) he was reading a novel.
c) My father said (that) he would buy a new radio.
d) Fanta said (that) she couldn't come that day.
e) Sékou said (that) he had lost his key.
3Exercice 3
Put these questions into reported speech.
a) She asked me, "Where do you live?"
b) He asked us, "Are you hungry?"
c) The doctor asked Alpha, "How do you feel?"
d) My friend asked me, "Did you watch the match?"
Voir le corrigéCacher le corrigé
a) She asked me where I lived.
b) He asked us if we were hungry.
c) The doctor asked Alpha how he felt.
d) My friend asked me if I had watched the match.
4Exercice 4
Put these orders and requests into reported speech.
a) The teacher told us, "Open your books."
b) My mother told me, "Don't play in the rain."
c) Kadiatou asked her brother, "Please, carry my bag."
Voir le corrigéCacher le corrigé
a) The teacher told us to open our books.
b) My mother told me not to play in the rain.
c) Kadiatou asked her brother to carry her bag.
5Exercice 5
(Type BEPC) Read the dialogue, then report it in a short paragraph (begin with « Hawa asked Ousmane… »).
Hawa: "Ousmane, what are you doing here?"
Ousmane: "I am waiting for the bus to Faranah."
Hawa: "When will it arrive?"
Ousmane: "It will arrive in ten minutes. I must be there before night."
Voir le corrigéCacher le corrigé
*Hawa asked Ousmane what he was doing there. Ousmane answered that he was waiting for the bus to Faranah. Hawa asked him when it would arrive. Ousmane said that it would arrive ten minutes later and that he had to be there before night.*
(here → there ; am waiting → was waiting ; will → would ; in ten minutes → ten minutes later ; must → had to)
Cherche d’abord seul, sur ton cahier, puis ouvre le corrigé pour comparer.
6Je vérifie
Choisis une réponse pour chaque question : la correction s’affiche aussitôt.
Crée ton compte élève gratuit pour cocher les leçons terminées, suivre ta progression et gagner des points au QCM.
Toutes les leçons de Anglais · 10e
Leçon ajoutée par Kharandi pour compléter le programme de la classe.
